Stud setter



Jan. 18, 1938. C, H555 2,105,788

STUD SETTER Filed April l5 1934 III/AM Patented Jan. 18, i936 newArsjnros 4 claimsl (01,.81-7-53) 'Y This invention relates to automaticchucks; tively ofFig. 2 andlooking the direction of' and the like, andAis particularly concerned 4 with tools for driving and releasingthreaded studs,

y screws and other elements of virtually rany naby the driving portionsand resiliently connected to those portions in such fashion as to belimitedly movable independently thereof to clutch and release the objectbeing driven by engagement of certain parts withthe object being driven,as well as by the resilient connecting means and by engagement withother parts with the work itself.

rA further object is thev provision of means whereby the resilientconnection` may be'quickly and easily adjusted in tension.

Still another object is the'incorp'oration in such devices of improvedadjusting means enabling accommodation of studs and the like of variantdimensions.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the followingdescription wherein vreference ,is made to the accompanying drawingillustrating preferred embodiments of `my Vinvention, and whereinsimilar reference numerals designate similar parts throughout theseveral views. f

In the drawing:

Figs.- 1 and 2 are substantially diametrical longitudinal sections of astud driver incorporating the principles of this inventicn,.respectivelyshowing the parts in the initial position they occupy before the stud isgripped, and in their operative position While the stud is being heldand driven but shortly before the completion of that operation. Y

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken substantially on line 3-3 of Fig; 1 andlooking inthe direction of the arrows.

Figs. 4 and 5 are cross sectional views taken substantially on the lines4-fi and 5 5 respecthe arrows.`

rig. 6 is avivv similari@ Fig,- 2 or a some:

what modified formof the invention; and

Fig. 7 is acrosssection v,taken substantiallyy on the line l-l of Fig..6 .and looking in the direction of the arrows.Y

Y Referring now to the drawingzgReference character l0 designatesadrivingvshanlz, rigidly connectedgto a casing which: is shown formed ofinitially separate sections lI-l-Zftightly secured together,-as *byLbeing threaded'ly interfittedv (at I4). The casing, also seryesas adriving element. The shank is also shown as a separate elementthreadedly.v secured toik casing section i2, :as at fifi,

and it-fwiu beiapprgiad tilat'loyl Substituting Shanks of;- differentformswthedriver may .A bey adaptedtot holding portions of any of variousrotating toolsv ofthe electric, pneumatic or other desired sort. f r Y fv.

A- torque ,transmitting vand chuck operating cam l5 of substantiallyannular form havingl an active innerface Vofuniforinftaper axially ofthe cam; Whichfisgreatest in width'towardthe rfront of theytool, (left.asf viewed in the drawingyis vkeyed ftothe. casing member1|2 to rotatetherewith. The keywaylgll locks thecanragainst turningfwithinthe casingmemberfl2, andr its positionisdetermined by the male portion ofcasingfsection-I I., which y.forces the front end of the-cam againstanshoulder in casing :section l2 and the interposed shimslf. Thelongitudinal positioning 0f the caml may of course beadjusted byremoval, addition or lsubstitution of shims. The contour ofthe cam-i asindicated in Figures 1 toll, issuch as to maintain line ,contact withthe -frustofconical surfaces .of clutchy rolls .Zi,V which are taperedto conform to the taper of cam l5, While-'dinos drawn longitudinallyalong the closest surface portionsy are parallel, to provide maximum.-contact with the shank of the stud (3(3).` -Viewed fromvits-end the camincludes an enlarged portion, as I9, for each roll, large enough to.permit theroll to clear thestud but tapering inwardly circumferentiallyin a direction opposite to that'of normal rotation of the tool untilattheir closer ends these tapered portions 'force the rolls closertogether than the left end of the driving casingas viewed in Figs. 5

4sus

1 and 2, and also. acts in torsion to tend to turn said element 25 withrespect to the driving casing toward such position with respect theretothat. the rolls lie in the larger areas |5A of the cam ring. When theparts are so positioned and element 25 is at the forward end of thecasing,

the rolls are free of the stud or other element to bev driven, asindicated above, and the spring is arranged to yieldably urge theseparts toward such position. One end of the spring is turned, as at 24,to project into a shoulder formed upon the driven member byV reductionof its end to accommodate the spring, while the other end of the springis similarly turned, as at 26, but projects iirst radially through aslot 28 in the side .of the casing and then longitudinally` insuchmanner that it may lie in any of a plurality of slots, asV

3|, circumerentially spacedabout and near the shank end of the casing.It will be seen that ially boring the same, as at 375, and intoand fromsuch socket the rolls 20 are radially movable. The effective depth ofthe socket is adjustable by means of a stop screw'33 which closes therear end thereof and is held in position by means of jam nut 34. Y yCarried by the frontend of the `casingassembly is an interchangeablenipple 31 4upon which is screwed a cap r38. Onefor mor'elshims, asr-39`,may be arranged `between thecap and ther end of the nipple and toenable'adjustingY the extent to which the cap projects, while largeradjustments may be'made by substituting nipples ofv different lengths. i

Concerning the'operation lof thev device, it will be seen that in Figs.1 and 2 the work into which the stud 30 is to be driven is indicated at40 in dotted lines. In using the exemplary stud driv ing device thestudsare first positioned in the Work by hand, asby turning them intothe Vsame to a depth of'one or two threads. This is usually done by oneworkman while another operates the driver, which is ordinarilyconstantly rotated'by the tool in which it is mounted; After slippingthe driver over a stud, he bears down against it to force the end ofthe'stud against the stop screw 38 and move element 25 inward. YDuring'the initial part of the insertion the stud fits freely into the spacebetween'the rolls, which are' in the larger areas 15A of the cam ring aswell as at the larger end of itsA longitudinal taper, in which positionthey are yieldably held by the spring 22. Continued forcing of the studinto the driver moves the entire driven element 25` to the rear, orright as viewed inthe drawing, with respect to the casing, therebyforcingv the rolls into engagement with the outside of the stud underthe iniiuence of the cam. As soon as the rolls are forced against thestud, the resistance of the latter tends to cause thevrolls torollV uponits surface, andV such rolling of the roll members turnsthe e1ement'25,against the torsionalresistance of spring 22, While the rolls are movedtoward the smaller portions of the cam. along the graduallycircumferentially tapered surfaces and so tightly clamped" against theoutsideofthe stud to enable positive driving thereof. (Note Figs. 2 and4.) A

The length of nipple 31 and position of cap 38 are so proportioned tothe depth to which the stud is to be driven that the cap strikes thework as the driving is completed, the casing being thereby forced back(to the right) with respect to element 25, and the pressure of cam I5upon the rolls so relieved. The torque exerted by the spring thenbecomes effective to turn the element 25 and so the rolls with respectto the casing to reestablish these parts in the relation shown in Figs.1 and 3.

In the modied construction shown in Figs. 6 and 'l analogous portions tothose previously described'are identiiied by similar reference nu meralswith theaddition of the distinguishing character a to each. The toolshown in these views willbe seen to'be of a design especially adaptedfor lighter work, and proportioned to handle relatively long andthinelements-although this lisY a matter serving merely to illustrate theadaptability ofthe tool to variant work. Ball clutching elements may beused in placek of the rolls 20, as indicated at 20a. They may bevarranged and function similarly to rolls 20 previously described, beingshown caged `in a driven element 25a slidable androtatable in a casingassembly Ha-I'Za which also serves as a driving element in like fashion.The cam lila, also, may in' general be similar to cam` I5, and

wardly to enable it tol rit in any one cf a plurality of slots 3m formedin this instance in and longitudinally of the threaded inner surface ofcasing` section Ila at the socket portion into which the driving shank10a. is screwed. It will, be appreciated that the end of the spring isthus locked in place by means of the shank, which must be removed beforethe tension of the spring may be regulated by moving its end portion 26ato another slot. Accidental disturbance of the spring adjustment is inthis fashion positively prevented. Casing section lZa is shown kasprovided with an elongated integral nipple portion 31a carrying at itsend an adjustable abutment cap 38a, the positioning of which isdependent upon the thickness ofthe shim, 39a therebeneath. Majoradjustmentsmay of course be made by substituting caps of diiierentdimensions.

It will be seen thatl no exposed movable parts whatever other than thesmoothly rotatable outer casing are employed, and that within thecasing, in addition to the rolls, the cage, cam and spring are the onlyoperative elements, despite which great iiexibility and adaptability areincorporated.

While it will be apparent that the illustrated embodiments of vmyinvention herein disclosed are well calculated to adequately fulll theobjects and advantages primarily stated, it is;to be understood that theinvention is susceptible to variation, modification and change withinthe spirit and scope of the subjoined claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a device of the character described, a

combined casing and driving element having-a 75 substantiallycylindrical chamber therein, a driven element within said casing elementand limitedly movable both rotatively and longitudinally in saidchamber, means yieldably urging one of said elements toward apredetermined longitudinal and angular position with respect to another,said driven element having a workreceiving socket therein accessiblefrom outside through an aligned opening in the casing, clutching meansalso within the casing and movable into and out of the socket in thedriven element, means including a cam carried by said casing and havingsurfaces inclined -circumferentially and outwardly aring for moving saidclutching means into the socket upon movement of the driven elementrelatively to the casing under the inuence of work forced into'thesocket, said yieldable means comprising a spring acting both torsionallyand longitudinally, and secured at one end to the driving element and atthe other end to the driven element, and anchoring meansVfo-r the end ofsaid spring which is secured to the driving element including means forholding said end of the spring in any of various spaced circumferentialpositions, whereby the torsional effect of said spring may be varied.

2. In a device of the character described, a combined casing and drivingelement having a substantially cylindrical chamber therein, a drivenelement within said casing and limitedly movable both rotatably andlongitudinally in said chamber, means yieldably urging one of saidelements toward a predetermined longitudinal and angular position withrespect to another, said driven element having a work-receiving sockettherein accessible from the outside through an aligned opening in thecasing, clutching means also within the casing and movable into and outof the socket in the driven element, means in-V cluding a cam carried bysaid casing and having surfaces inclined circumferentially and outwardlyflaring for moving said clutching means into the socket upon movement ofthe driven element relatively to the casing under the influence of Workforced into the socket, said yieldable means comprising a spring actionboth torsionally andflongitudinally, and adjusting means whereby aportion of said spring may be moved, from outside the casing, to any ofa plurality of positions.

3. In a device of the character described, a combined casing and drivingelement having a substantially cylindrical chamber therein,l a

driven element within said casing, and limitedly movable both rotatablyand longitudinally in said chamber, means yieldably urging one of saidelements toward a predetermined longitudinal and angular position withrespect to another, said driven element having a work-receiving sockettherein accessible from the outside through an aligned opening inthecasing, clutching means also within the casing and movable into andout of the socket in the driven element, means including a cam carriedby said casing and having surfaces inclined circumferentially andoutwardly flaring for'moving said clutching means into the socket uponmovement of the driven element relatively to the casing under theinuence of work forced into the socket, said yieldable means comprisinga spring acting both torsionally and longitudinally, and anchoring meansincluding spaced keeper portions for holding an end of the springagainst undesired movement, said end of the spring extending through andbeing accessible and movable from outside the casing. Y

4. In a device of the characterdescribed, a combined casing and drivingelement having a substantially cylindrical chamber therein, :a

driven element within said casing and llmitedlyf movable both rotatablyand longitudinally in said chamber, means yieldably urging one of saidelements toward a predetermined longitudinal and angular position' withrespect to another, said driven element having a work-receiving sockettherein accessible from the outside through an aligned opening in thecasing, clutching means also within the casing and movable into and outof the socket in the driven element, means including a cam carried bysaid casing and having surfaces inclined circumferentially and outwardlyiiaring for moving said clutching means into the

